The Catalyst Journal of Library and Information Literacy - CJLIL
Catalyst Journal of Library and Information Literacy is a bi-annual peer -review journal that primarily focuses on investigations in library science, knowledge resource management, information and technology literacy, and lifelong learning in all its forms to address both concepts in a multi -discipline perspective.
Department of Library and Information Science, University of Port Harcourt
Postgraduates’ Utilization of Digital Information Resources in University Libraries and the Challenge of Information Overload
Digital Information Resources (DIRs) are crucial for providing postgraduate students with access to essential information however, they face the challenge of information overload. This study examined how postgraduate students in selected university libraries in Southwest Nigeria experience information overload (IO) in the context of DIRs usage. A correlational survey research design was employed, with a population of 7,784 postgraduate students. The study used a stratified proportionate random sampling technique, stratifying participants using three university libraries. A 20% sample was drawn from each stratum, resulting in a total of 1,557 postgraduate students. Data was collected via questionnaire, with 1,258 completed and returned (80.8% response rate). The null hypothesis was tested at a 0.05 significance level, and three research questions were addressed. Descriptive statistics was used for data analysis, while Pearson’s Product-moment correlation was applied to test the hypothesis. The findings revealed that the frequency of DIRs utilization was low ( = 2.72), while the level of IO was moderate ( = 2.68). A positive significant relationship was found between information overload and DIRs utilization (r = 0.351, p < 0.05). The study concludes that extensive utilization of DIRs is inextricably linked to the significant challenge of IO. It is recommended that university libraries should develop programs that will focus on advanced search techniques for precise information retrieval.
Copyright (c) 2026 Olufela Ibiyemi ADEYEOYE
ADAPTING LIBRARY SERVICES TO MEET THE INFORMATION NEEDS OF DIVERSE STUDENT POPULATION IN THE ERA OF DISRUPTIVE TECHNOLOGIES
The study investigated how university libraries in Nigeria are adapting library services to meet the information needs of a diverse student population, predominantly comprising Gen Zs in the era of disruptive technologies. A qualitative research approach was adopted in this study, using semi-structured interviews and purposive sampling to collect data from 25 librarians and library officers working in the Reference Section, Reader’s Services Department and Automation Department from four federal institutions in Nigeria. The four federal institutions were selected because they have successfully integrated ICT into their library operations and offer tailored services to meet Gen Z's information needs. Using semi-structured interviews, Data was analyzed thematically. Findings revealed the emergence of new roles for librarians, including managing institutional repositories, promoting electronic resources, and providing IT support in academic libraries. Findings also revealed how the selected universities were using disruptive technologies such as artificial intelligence, machine learning, Makerspaces, and other innovative services to meet the academic, informational and recreational needs of their diverse population. The study concludes that libraries should be more proactive in providing fit-for-purpose services to the student population, especially the Gen Zs who form a majority of the student population in Nigerian universities. The study recommends that LIS professionals do away with outdated library service delivery practices that are no longer effective in meeting the needs of today’s library users; reluctance to adopt new technologies and practices, and overreliance on traditional library service. This research provides valuable insights into the transformation of library services for a diverse student population and proposes strategic recommendations for enhancing library services tailored to the needs of Gen Zs, from a developing country's context.
Copyright (c) 2026 Adefunke Olanike Alabi, PhD, Yetunde Abosede Zaid, PhD
USE OF COMPUTER ASSISTED INSTRUCTION TECHNOLOGIES FOR INFORMATION LITERACY ENHANCEMENT BY LIBRARY AND INFORMATION SCIENCE STUDENTS IN AHMADU BELLO UNIVERSITY, ZARIA
This study investigates the utilization of Computer Assisted Instruction (CAI) technologies for enhancing information literacy skills among Library and Information Science undergraduate students at Ahmadu Bello University, Zaria. The research aims to identify available CAI technologies and examine the challenges faced in their implementation. The study addresses a critical gap in understanding how technologymediated instruction can improve information literacy outcomes in developing educational contexts. Quantitative approach and descriptive survey design were used in the study. Five hundred and thirty-nine library and information science students made the population and two hundred and thirty were selected as a sample size and simple random sampling technique was used. Data were collected from 179 LIS students through structured questionnaires and analyzed using descriptive statistics. The findings revealed that multimedia presentations (76.5%) were the most predominant CAI technologies. The study identified lack of digital literacy (87.7%) as the primary challenges, overshadowing infrastructure-related barriers. The research concluded that while the university has invested in engaging CAI technologies, student readiness remains a critical barrier to effective implementation. The study recommends comprehensive digital literacy training programs and diversification of CAI technology portfolio to enhance information literacy instruction effectiveness.
Copyright (c) 2026 Hamza ABBA PhD, Rukkayya Yunusa Mohammed, Abdullahi HUSSAINI, Ashiru HAFIZU
AWARENESS AND USE OF REFERENCE MANAGEMENT SOFTWARE AMONG LIBRARIANS IN UNIVERSITIES IN OGUN STATE
Referencing is an important aspect in writing academic papers which can be done manually or with the use of Reference Management Software (RMS). Therefore, this study investigated the awareness and use of RMS among librarians in public institutions in Ogun State. The research design employed was descriptive survey research design. The population of the study is 111 librarians with sample size of 92 librarians. The simple random sampling technique was adopted to give every member of the population equal opportunity to be selected. The instrument “AURMSQ” was used to elicit information from the respondents. Validation of the instrument was done by experts in the field of study. The test re-test method was used in this study and 0.74 obtained. A total of 92(82.9%) copies of questionnaires were returned and analyzed using frequency count, percentage, mean, standard deviation. The findings of the study revealed that the RMS type that the librarians were mostly aware of is Mendeley ( = 3.11; SD = .79); the most frequently used RMS was Mendeley ( = 3.67; SD. = .92); level of awareness of RMS was slightly aware while level of use was rarely use. There was no significant relationship between awareness and use of RMS among librarians (r =-.887; p > .001; N= 92). It is concluded that librarians in university libraries in Ogun State had limited awareness of RMS, which accounted for their low level of use of the tool. The study recommends among others that university libraries should organize regular awareness programs on RMS for librarians.
Copyright (c) 2026 Adeola Esther Olutoki, Ahmed Olakunle Simisaye, Oluwafemi Remilekun Adeyemi, Ibikunle Olanike Rebecca
PREPAREDNESS AND RESPONSE PRACTICES OF LIBRARIANS ON CYBERSECURITY INCIDENCES IN DIGITAL INFORMATION SERVICE DELIVERY IN UNIVERSITY LIBRARIES IN KATSINA STATE, NIGERIA
The study investigated preparedness and response practices of librarians on cybersecurity incidences in digital information services delivery in university libraries in Katsina State, Nigeria. Three (3) research questions guided the study. These questions included what types of cybersecurity incidence are experienced in digital information service delivery by university libraries in Katsina state? What are the preparatory mechanisms adopted to prevent cybersecurity incidence in digital information service delivery in university libraries in Katsina State? What are the response practices adopted to mitigate cybersecurity incidence in digital information service delivery by university libraries in Katsina state? The study employed descriptive survey design and the population of the study comprised of all the One Hundred and Six (106) librarians in all the four (4) university libraries in Katsina State. Total enumeration sampling technique was used to select all the 106 librarians as the sample size for the study. Questionnaire was the instrument used for data collection and was validated by experts in the fields and reliability result was .872. The data was analyzed using simple frequency Tables, Percentages, Means and Standard deviation. The findings showed that university libraries in Katsina State face widespread cybersecurity issues, primarily unauthorized access and network failures. Additionally, the study found that although some preparatory measures, such as digital resource management planning and software updates, have been initiated, key areas like firewall protection, staff training and vulnerability assessments are still lacking highlighting the urgent need for targeted training and strategic support to enhance digital service delivery and security across these libraries. It was concluded that while university libraries in Katsina State have provided some foundational cybersecurity protocols, their overall preparedness and response capabilities remain insufficient to address the evolving landscape of digital threats. The study recommended that University libraries in Katsina State should strengthen their cybersecurity monitoring systems to prevent common issues like unauthorized access and network failures, improve the adoption of cybersecurity preventive measures, particularly strengthening password policies, increasing user education on cybersecurity best practices and among others.
Copyright (c) 2026 Safiyya Kabir Ifo, Lawal Umar, Dr. Muhammad Kabir Abubakar
PERCEIVED EFFECTIVENESS AND CHALLENGES OF ICT RESOURCES’ USE IN SERVICE DELIVERY AMONG LIBRARIANS IN SPECIAL LIBRARIES
The study investigates the perceived effectiveness and challenges of ICT resources’ use in service delivery among librarians in Special Libraries. The study adopted a survey research design guided by two research questions and two hypotheses. The population of the study comprised all 53 librarians working in special library. The researchers adopted a census sampling technique, since the population was small and manageable; all 53 librarians were included as the sample of the study. One rating scale titled “Effectiveness and challenges of ICT resources use in Special Libraries” (ECIRUSL) was used as the instrument for data collection. The instrument was validated by specialists in Library and information science. The rating scale was subjected to a reliability test using Cronbach alpha statistics which yielded a coefficient of 0.71. The research questions are answered using mean and standard deviations while the hypotheses were tested using one sample z-test at 0.05 level of significance. The major findings of the study revealed that the majority of the respondents perceived ICT resources to be very effective in their service delivery in private libraries (mean = 3.25). The major challenges impeding the use of ICT include inadequate funding, poor maintenance culture, and low ICT literacy skills among librarians, among others. Based on these findings, the study concludes that effective utilization of ICT resources significantly enhances library service delivery; however, addressing challenges such as funding, maintenance, and capacity building is essential for optimal ICT integration in private libraries. The researchers recommend among others that Management of special libraries should organize vigorous trainings for their staff on ICT skills.
Copyright (c) 2026 Mgbemena Chibuikem Emmanuel (CLN), Dr. Ngozi Immaculata Ike (CLN), Chioma Peace Odocha-Aguocha (Ph.D) CLN
ADMINISTRATIVE STRUCTURE AND MODEL LIBRARY ORGANIZATION IN THE SMART LIBRARY
The study examined the importance of administrative structures and model library organizations in sustaining the effectiveness of smart libraries in the digital era. Smart libraries characterized by pervasive digital services, data-driven decision-making, interconnected systems, and user-cantered experiences depend not only on technology but equally on robust governance, clear institutional roles, and adaptive organizational models. The analysis identifies four interdependent dimensions that determine sustainability: organizational design model structures (centralized, hybrid, or distributed) that balance standardization and local innovation, clarify responsibilities for digital services, and support agile teams for rapid service development; resources and partnerships sustainable funding models, procurement strategies, vendor relationships, and collaborations with academia, industry, and communities for co-creation and scalability. Concluding, the study offers practical recommendations: adopt hybrid organizational models that permit local experimentation within coherent central governance; institutionalize digital governance and data stewardship; invest in staff capability-building as an ongoing priority; and design funding and partnership mechanisms that sustain innovation beyond pilot phases. Effective administrative structures and model library organizations are presented as the linchpin for transforming technological potential into durable, equitable, and user-focused smart library services in the digital era. Smart libraries, which integrate artificial intelligence, big data, cloud computing, and Internet of Things (IoT) technologies, provide innovative platforms for information access and user engagement. However, the study emphasized that technology alone does not guarantee efficiency; rather, strong administrative frameworks and wellmodelled organizational practices are essential for ensuring accountability, coordination, and resource optimization. Administrative structures define roles, facilitate policy implementation, and promote collaboration, while model organizations align resources, encourage teamwork, and provide benchmarks for best practices. The study concludes that smart libraries thrive best when technology is harmonized with effective administrative and organizational foundations. To address these issues, the paper recommended continuous change-management strategies, sustainable funding, professional development, closing the digital divide, and policy reforms
Copyright (c) 2026 Emmanuel Smile George cln, mnla, Prof. Boma B. Obi cln, mnla
ROLE OF SOCIAL MEDIA IN LIBRARY INFORMATION MARKETING: OPPORTUNITIES AND CHALLENGES.
This study explores the role of social media in library information marketing, focusing on opportunities and challenges faced by libraries in Nigeria. The concept of social media and its various types are discussed, as well as the potential benefits of using social media for marketing purposes. The challenges associated with the deployment of social media in library information marketing are also examined. Social media is an online platforms and tools that facilitate communication, networking, and content sharing in virtual communities. It allows individuals and organizations to create, share, and exchange information in real time, providing opportunities for engagement and interaction with a wider audience. In conclusion, social media has become an indispensable tool for libraries in marketing their information resources and services to a wider audience. It provides numerous opportunities for libraries to reach potential users, engage with existing users, and strengthen their brand presence. The study suggests strategies for libraries to effectively utilize social media for marketing, such as developing a comprehensive marketing plan, collaborating with other libraries and organizations, and regularly evaluating performance. The findings of this study can inform and guide libraries in their use of social media for marketing purposes, ultimately increasing public awareness and usage of library resources and services.
Copyright (c) 2026 Emmanuel Enoghenekeno Sada
ASSESSMENT OF RECORD MANAGEMENT IN SANTA MARIA HIGH SCHOOL, OMOKU RIVERS STATE
This study employed a descriptive survey design to assess record management practices in Sancta Maria High School, Omoku, Rivers State. The study population consisted of 92 staff involved in record management, and a sample of 74 was selected using Taro Yamane’s formula. Data were collected with a self-structured 16-item questionnaire titled “Assessment of Record Management Practices Questionnaire” (ARMP). The instrument was validated by two experts, and its reliability, established through the test–retest method, yielded a coefficient of 0.97. Mean and standard deviation were used to answer the research questions. Findings showed that the school maintains key records such as admission and withdrawal registers, attendance records, syllabi, health records, and other administrative documents. The study concluded that although record management practices are functional, improvements are necessary to enhance efficiency and compliance. It was recommended that the school adopt and regularly update electronic record management systems to replace outdated storage methods and improve security and accessibility. Administrative staff should also receive continuous training on accurate record creation, verification, and storage. In addition, routine audits should be conducted to identify gaps, ensure proper documentation, and uphold the integrity and confidentiality of school records.
Copyright (c) 2026 Prince Chibuzor Eke, Nkech Mercy Egesimba
ROLE OF UNIVERSITY LIBRARIES IN ENHANCING OPEN KNOWLEDGE, CITIZENSHIP EDUCATION, DEMOCRACY, AND GOOD GOVERNANCE IN SOUTH-EAST, NIGERIA.
The interaction between open knowledge, civic education, democracy, and good governance is fundamental to socio-political development. University libraries serve as crucial facilitators in promoting these elements by providing unrestricted access to credible information resources. This study examined the role of university libraries in South-East Nigeria in enhancing open knowledge, promoting citizenship education, supporting democratic principles, and fostering good governance. The study adopted a qualitative research design using a phenomenological approach to explore the lived experiences of university librarians. The population comprised all the 60 librarians in the ten public university libraries university in South-East Nigeria. The sample size consisted of 60 librarians selected using purposive sampling technique. Data were collected through semi-structured interviews and analyzed thematically to identify key insights and challenges. University libraries significantly enhance open knowledge through institutional repositories and collaborations with open-access initiatives. However, poor digital infrastructure, and copyright restrictions hinder access. Libraries promote civic education and democratic values by providing resources on governance, human rights, and citizenship responsibilities, yet low student engagement and lack of curriculum integration limit effectiveness. Furthermore, libraries curate credible information, counter misinformation, and promote political literacy, though censorship, limited digital literacy, and funding constraints remain challenges. In conclusion, libraries support good governance by providing access to research materials and policy documents, but outdated resources and weak collaboration with policymakers reduce their impact. University libraries are essential in fostering informed citizenship, democracy, and good governance. it was recommended amongst others that uuniversity librarians should integrate information literacy and civic education modules into compulsory courses and orientation programs; make library workshops credit-bearing where feasible.
Copyright (c) 2026 Ngozi Ogechukwu Nwogwugwu, PhD, CLN, Jane Eze Onwuzuluke, Enuma Maureen Azolo
DISASTER PREPAREDNESS AND INFORMATION PRESERVATION IN DONALD EKONG LIBRARY, UNIVERSITY OF PORT HARCOURT
This study investigated disaster preparedness and information preservation in Donald Ekong Library, University of Port Harcourt. The study focused on the level of awareness, prevention policies, and digitization policies employed in the library to safeguard information resources. A descriptive survey research design was adopted, and the entire population of 32 library staff, comprising 18 professional and 14 para-professional librarians, was used for the study through purposive sampling. Data were collected using a structured questionnaire titled Disaster Preparedness and Information Preservation Questionnaire (DPIPQ) and analyzed using mean and standard deviation, with a criterion mean of 2.50 set for decisionmaking. The findings revealed a high level of awareness of disaster preparedness and information preservation among staff, effective implementation of prevention policies, and a high level of digitization policies in preserving information resources in Donald Ekong Library. The study concluded that disaster preparedness and information preservation are crucial for maintaining the longevity and accessibility of library resources, as they minimize loss, enhance sustainability, and ensure continued access to information. Based on the findings, the study recommended regular policy implementation and review, continuous staff training on disaster management, adequate funding for preservation infrastructure, and improved digitization initiatives to ensure the safety and accessibility of information resources in the library.
Copyright (c) 2026 Nubel Bariloe, Dr. Comfort N. Owate
JOB MOTIVATORS AND STAFF RETENTION RATES IN FEDERAL COLLEGE OF EDUCATION (TECHNICAL), OMOKU
This study examined job motivation and staff retention at the Federal College of Education (Technical), Omoku. The study was guided by three research questions and corresponding hypotheses, using a correlation research design. The population consisted of 215 academic and non-academic staff, from which a proportionate stratified sample of 150 was drawn; 138 responses were retrieved, representing a 92% response rate. Data were collected using a self-structured questionnaire titled “Job Motivation and Staff Retention Questionnaire” (JMSRQ). The instrument’s validity was confirmed through expert review (content validity index = 0.87), while reliability was established using Cronbach’s alpha (α = 0.82). Data analysis involved descriptive statistics, Pearson correlation, and regression analysis. Findings revealed that intrinsic motivators, such as recognition and career development, had a strong positive relationship with staff retention (r = .68, p < .01), whereas extrinsic motivators showed a moderate correlation (r = .45, p < .05). Regression analysis further indicated that intrinsic motivators accounted for 46% of the variance in staff retention, compared to 21% explained by extrinsic motivators. The study concludes that career development, supportive workplace culture, and employee recognition significantly enhance staff retention. It recommends structured training, mentorship, advancement opportunities, a collaborative environment, and regular, meaningful recognition to improve employee commitment.
Copyright (c) 2026 Prince Chibuzor Eke, Professor Boma Beatrice Obi
MOBILE APPLICATION AS A PREDICTOR OF EFFECTIVE REFERENCE SERVICES DELIVERY IN FEDERAL UNIVERSITY LIBRARIES IN SOUTH-SOUTH, NIGERIA.
The study investigated mobile applications as predictors of effective reference service delivery in Federal University Libraries in South-South Nigeria. Three objectives and three research questions guided the study, and three null hypotheses were tested at a 0.05 level of significance. The research adopted a correlational research design. The population of the study comprised 115 librarians from the eight federal university libraries in South-South Nigeria. The entire population was studied, Questionnaire titled Mobile Application and Effective Reference Service Delivery Questionnaire was the instrument used for data collection. Data collected was analyzed using Statistical Package for Pearson Product Moment Correlation (PPMC). Pearson Product Moment Correlation was used to test the three null hypotheses at 0.05 level of significance, The. instrument was tested using pilot test using Crombach Alpha method and it yielded an average coefficient of 0.80. The findings revealed there is positive relationship between mobile applications and reference services delivery in the libraries. Conclusively, mobile application is a strong predictor for effective service delivery in the library. The study recommended among others that the universities should train and retrain the librarians on how to use short messages (SMS) in rendering reference services, there should be a workshop for librarians in the universities regularly on how to use Quick Response codes and the universities should carry out enlightenment programme to the academic community and the librarians on the importance of Libby and how it can be used to improve service delivery.
Copyright (c) 2026 Nkiruka Blessing Wali, Janet Nnenta Robinson, Boma Torukwein David-West
EMPLOYEE WELLBEING AND ORGANIZATIONAL PERFORMANCE OF OIL AND GAS COMPANIES IN RIVERS STATE
The study investigated the relationship between employee wellbeing and organizational performance of oil and gas companies in Rivers State. A number of four research objectives, four research questions and four hypotheses were formulated to guide the study. The study used correlational research designed. The population study comprised of 33,301 with sample size of 395 derived from Taro Yamane formula. The research used simple random sampling procedures. The researcher formulated an instrument such as: Employee Wellbeing Questionnaire (EWQ) and the Organizational Performance of Oil and Gas Companies Questionnaire (OPOGCQ). Three experts were used to validate the instrument, two members of the Department of Employment Relations and Human Resources Management and one member of the Department of Measurement and Evaluation in Ignatius Ajuru University of Education, Rumuolumeni, Rivers State to carry out face and contents validity. In order to establish the reliability of the instrument, the test-retest method was applied to give reliability coefficient indices of 0.87 and 0.86 respectively. Data was analyzed using Pearson Product Moment Correlation Coefficient (PPMC) at 0.05 level of significant. Findings revealed a significant and positive strong relationship between Job Satisfaction and Innovativeness, Working-Life Balance and organizational performance of the oil and gas companies in Rivers State. The study concluded that employee wellbeing significantly influences organizational performance in oil and gas companies in Rivers State. The study recommended that oil and gas companies should establish structured wellbeing initiatives such as health, recreation, and counseling services to improve employees’ physical, mental, and emotional wellness.
Copyright (c) 2026 Charity Chibueze Ekesiba PhD, Neebee Baridoo
TECHNOLOGY USE AND RECORD MANAGEMENT PRACTICES AMONG RECORD OFFICERS IN OGUN STATE TERTIARY INSTITUTIONS.
This study investigates information technology and record management practices among record officers in tertiary institutions in Ogun State, Nigeria. Records management plays a critical role in ensuring effective information storage, conservation, and retrieval, which are essential for institutional growth, accountability, and efficient service delivery. Despite its importance, prior literature highlights a gap in awareness and understanding of modern record management practices among record officers, necessitating an inquiry into their level of readiness, perceived benefits, and challenges associated with adopting digital solutions. The objectives of the study were to determine the availability and rate of use of information technologies, as well as to examine existing record management practices within tertiary institutions. Guided by a descriptive survey research design, the study population comprised 214 record officers, selected using a total enumeration method. Data were gathered through a structured questionnaire titled Information Technology Use and Record Management Practices Scale” administered with the support of four research assistants. Face and content validity of the instrument was carried out, and the reliability of the scale indicates .81. Results were analysed using frequency counts, percentages, mean, and standard deviation with SPSS 25.0. Findings revealed that essential information technologies such as web portals, computers, and internet facilities were widely available and frequently used by record officers. The results further indicated that the level of technology utilisation was high (x̅ = 2.13), and record management practices in the selected institutions were effective (x̅ = 3.56). The study concludes that the adoption of information technology significantly enhances record management efficiency, enabling timely document retrieval and improved organisational workflow. It recommends that university authorities provide comprehensive ICT training in database management, online examination handling, and management information systems, while ensuring that ICT infrastructure remains accessible for sustainable and improved record management practices.
Copyright (c) 2026 Fauziyah O. Abdullah, Temitope A. Osisanwo Ph.D
LEVERAGING TECHNOLOGY FOR INCLUSIVE LIBRARY SERVICES: DRIVING INNOVATION BY WOMEN LIBRARIANS IN FEDERAL UNIVERSITY LIBRARIES IN SOUTH-SOUTH ZONE, NIGERIA
This study explored leveraging technology for inclusive library services: driving innovation by women librarians in federal university libraries in South-South Zone of Nigeria. Descriptive survey design was adopted. The population of the study comprised of 76 women librarians in the 9 federal university libraries in South-South Nigeria. Census sampling technique was used in selecting all the 76 women librarians from the nine federal university libraries in the South-South geopolitical zone of Nigeria. Although, only 60 questionnaires was successfully retrieved and used for the study. The instrument used for data collection was a structured questionnaire titled “Leveraging Technology for Inclusive Library Services Questionnaire (LTILSQ) “. Face and content validation of the instrument was carried out by an expert in test, measurement, and evaluation. The reliability of the instrument was done through a pilot test and a coefficient of 0.87 was obtained. Simple percentage analysis was used to answer the research questions. From the analysis findings revealed that digital technologies and electronic library systems was rated the highest percentage of technology used by women librarians to provide inclusive library service. The result also proved that adoption of digital and assistive technologies was the highest innovative strategy adopted by women librarians to enhance accessibility. The result further showed that capacity building and training gaps was the highest challenge faced by women librarians in implementing technology-based inclusive services. Conclusively, leveraging technology for inclusive library services in libraries demonstrates how innovation can provide access to knowledge, bridge digital divides, and foster equity in higher education. It was therefore recommended among others that women librarians should be exposed to trainings that can promote ease of access to learning resources.
Copyright (c) 2026 Hope Ebereamaka Chiekezie (CLN), Osaro Endurance Nonrya
COPYRIGHT AWARENESS, INSTITUTIONAL POLICY AND ACCESS RESTRICTION AS PREDICTORS OF EFFECTIVENESS OF DIGITAL ARCHIVING OF INTELLECTUAL PROPERTY IN ACADEMIC LIBRARIES IN CROSS RIVER STATE
This study investigated copyright awareness, institutional policy and access restriction as predictors of effectiveness of digital archiving of intellectual property in academic libraries in Cross River State, Nigeria, with emphasis on the roles of copyright awareness, institutional policy, and access restrictions. To achieve this purpose four objectives, research questions and hypotheses, were formulated to guide the studies. The research employed an ex-post facto design with a population of 778 library staff, from which a representative of 389 sample was drawn. The instrument for data collection was titled “Copyright Awareness, Institutional Policy, Access Restrictions, and Effectiveness of Digital Archiving of Intellectual Property Scale (CAIPREDAIPS) using a Cronbachs Alpha coefficients, the result indicated accepted level of consistency copyright awareness (a = 0.84) institutional policy (a = 0.81) access restriction (a = 0.79) and effectiveness of digital archiving of intellectual property (a = 0.86) since all coefficient exceeded the bench mark of 0.70 as recommended by Ofem et ‘al (2024) the instrument was deem reliable for full scale administration. Data were collected after ethical approval was obtain from Institutional Review Board of University of Calabar (IRB/UNICAL/2024/2019) A research assistant was recruited was trained on the objective of the study administrative procedure and ethical standard to ensure consistency. The instrument was administered physically to the respondent in their respective libraries. Data collected from the study were analyzed using Descriptive Statistics and Inter-Item Correlations for Study Variables for table one while simple regression analysis was used for table 2, 3 and four. The outcome obtained is presented appropriately. Findings revealed that copyright awareness significantly influenced the effectiveness of digital archiving, underscoring the importance of intellectual property literacy in safeguarding repository practices. Institutional policy also exerted a significant effect, highlighting the role of governance structures in ensuring continuity, accountability, and alignment with preservation standards. Similarly, access restrictions emerged as a significant predictor, demonstrating the need for balanced controls that both protect intellectual property and promote scholarly access. The combined effect of copyright awareness, institutional policy, and access restrictions was particularly strong, confirming the multidimensional nature of digital archiving effectiveness. It was recommended among others that sustainable digital archiving requires integrated legal, institutional, and operational measures.
Copyright (c) 2026 Faith Sylvester Orim Ph.D, Esah- Chovat Sylvester
NOISE AS A DISTRACTION: INVESTIGATING ITS INFLUENCE ON MEDICATION INFORMATION SAFETY AND ERROR RATES AMONG MEDICAL DOCTORS IN AHMADU BELLO UNIVERSITY MEDICAL CENTRE, ZARIA
This study examined noise as a source of distraction and its influence on medication safety and error rates among medical doctors at Ahmadu Bello University Medical Centre (ABUMC), Zaria. It was guided by two key questions: how doctors perceive the impact of environmental noise on concentration and clinical decision-making, and the common types and sources of noise during medication-related tasks. A qualitative descriptive design was adopted, involving purposive sampling of 10 doctors with at least two years of clinical experience. Data were collected through semi-structured interviews, transcribed verbatim, and analyzed thematically. The findings revealed that doctors perceive environmental noise as a significant cognitive disruptor that reduces focus and heightens the likelihood of medication errors. Human-generated disturbances particularly conversations, noise from waiting areas, and unauthorized entries were identified as the most frequent sources. Although systems exist to minimize medication errors, environmental noise remains an overlooked factor. The study concludes that human-induced noise constitutes a substantial risk to medication safety. It recommends that ABUMC management implement targeted noise-reduction strategies, including soundproof partitions, designated quiet zones, and clear signage, as well as enforce policies restricting unauthorized room entries to protect doctors’ concentration and enhance patient safety.
Copyright (c) 2026 Sekinat T. Yusuf (PhD), Aliyu Babalola Sanusi (PhD)
PRESERVATION PRACTICES ON SUSTAINABLE SERVICE DELIVERY IN ACADEMIC LIBRARIES: A COMPARATIVE ANALYSIS OF FEDERAL COLLEGE OF EDUCATION (TECHNICAL) AKOKA (FCET, AKOKA), AND UNIVERSITY OF LAGOS (UNILAG)
This study examines the influence of digital preservation practices on the quality-of-service delivery in Academic libraries, specifically comparing the Federal College of Education (Tech), Akoka, and the University of Lagos, both in Lagos State, Nigeria. The study adopted a descriptive survey research design with a total population of 24 librarians, comprising all librarians of the FCET, Akoka, and UNILAG, both in Lagos State. The entire population was used as a sample due to its manageable size, using the census sampling technique. A self-structured questionnaire “DPPOSDQ” was used as the instrument to gather data, with a 100% return rate. Experts in the field of study validated the instrument. Reliability was by test retest method which yielded 0.86 reliability index. The data gathered were analyzed using simple percentages and frequency counts. The findings revealed that e-journals, e-books, computers, Online Public Access Catalogue (OPAC), and institutional repositories are the major electronic resources available in both Libraries. It also identified encapsulation, copying of files into multiple locations, and resource access control as the main digital preservation practices, they currently employ. the study showed that both libraries perceive digital preservation practices as positively influencing service delivery. Finally, the study found that the major challenges affecting both libraries in maintaining digital preservation practices are technological obsolescence, poor ICT infrastructure, lack of preservation policy, and lack of internet, especially in FCET, Akoka. In conclusion, FCET, Library and the UNILAG library acknowledged the presence of e-journals, e-books, OPACs, computers, and institutional repositories leading to quality academic service delivery. The researcher recommendds that libraries should develop and establish comprehensive digital preservation policies that outline standards, procedures, and responsibilities addressing issues of data backup, security, and long-term access, ensuring a structured approach to digital preservation.
Copyright (c) 2026 Benjamin Kenechukwu Nwobu (CLN), Catherine Enobong Olaotan (CLN)
ENHANCING USER SATISFACTION: THE PIVOTAL ROLE OF INFORMATION RETRIEVAL TOOLS IN UNIVERSITY LIBRARIES IN RIVERS STATE
University libraries cannot be a life transforming institution without been usable and accessible. This basic concept of usability and accessibility of a library largely depend on effective Information Retrieval Tools (IRT) which in turn ensures users’ satisfaction. Hence, the study which investigated; enhancing user satisfaction: the pivotal role of information retrieval tools in university libraries in River State. Descriptive research survey was adopted. The population of the study is 99 library staff. The sample of the study is 90 library staff. A purposive sampling technique was used to gather 99 library staff; para-professional and professional staff in university libraries in Rivers State. A structured questionnaire “Enhancing User Satisfaction Questionnaire (EUSQ) was designed and adopted for the study. The instrument was validated by experts in the field of study. Reliability was by test re-test method. This study was analyzed using simple percentages and mean scores. The result shows that online catalogues for resource discovery, electronic databases for accessing scholarly article and open access repositories for accessing free scholarly content were used as information retrieval tools in university libraries in Rivers State and they are highly utilized by users. The finding revealed that information retrieval tools assist users to find up-to-date information for their research, information retrieval tools save library users’ time in locating resources, thereby improving the overall library users’ satisfaction with the library. The study revealed the challenges associated with the use of information retrieval tools by library users, which are; inadequate technology infrastructure, limited access to modern technology, insufficient digital literacy skills, while possible solutions are; computer literacy training programmes, updating digital collections regularly among others. In conclusion, university libraries and librarians cannot be a life transforming institution and responsible staff without been usable and accessible. This study recommended among others that; University library managements should continuously monitor usage statistics and gather user feedback to access the effectiveness of IRT tools and make necessary adjustments, and the need for collaboration between librarians, IT staff, and academic departments to optimize information retrieval tools for specific academic disciplines.
Copyright (c) 2026 Vincent C. Opara (CLN), Ikegwuiro Patience Uloaku
DIGITAL VIOLENCE AGAINST WOMEN IN NIGERIA: STRATEGIES FOR PREVENTION
This study investigated digital violence against women in Nigeria, and the strategies for prevention. The study was conducted in Cross River State, with two objectives viz; to examine the types of digital violence prevalent in Nigeria and the strategies for combating these violence. The study revealed different types of violence perpetrated against women digitally, including cyber bullying, cyber stalking, doxing, cyber harassment etc. Some of the strategies for combating these violence included engaging young people, digital campaigns, multisectoral partnerships etc. Based on the above, it was recommended among others that; laws should be put in place to curb online gender-based violence against women and girls; violators should be held accountable to minimize these violence at all levels; there should be changing attitudes, gender roles and stereotypes that make violence against women acceptable, and raising awareness of different types of violence and preventive actions should be taken within the education system, among professionals working with victims and in cooperation with NGOs, the media and the private sector in order to reach out to the public.
Copyright (c) 2026 Isu Michael Egbe, Mercy Emmanuel Ugbe, Christopher Bessong Enu
BARRIERS TO OPEN ACCESS PUBLISHING AMONG ACADEMIC STAFF IN STATE-OWNED UNIVERSITIES IN SOUTH-SOUTH NIGERIA
The study examined the barriers to open access publishing among academic staff in state-owned universities in South-South Nigeria. The study aims to assess awareness of open access publishing, identify its major barriers, evaluate the influence of institutional support and recommend strategies for improving engagement with Open Access publishing. Descriptive survey research design was adopted, with a structured questionnaire titled: Questionnaire on Barriers to Open Access Publishing in South-South Universities (BOAPSSU). A non-probability sampling technique using purposive approach was adopted. Participants were chosen based on their accessibility and relevance to the study. A total of 250 academic staff drawn from Rivers State University, Akwa Ibom State University and Niger Delta University, Bayelsa were purposively selected and given questionnaires. Out of these, 221 questionnaires were properly completed and returned. Data were presented in tables for clarity and analyzed using mean scores and standard deviation. Results indicated a moderate level of awareness of open access publishing among respondents. Major barriers identified were inadequate ICT facilities, unreliable internet access, costly article processing charges, and weak institutional repositories. In addition, insufficient institutional support and the absence of capacity-building initiatives were found to restrict staff engagement with open access publishing. The study concludes that although open access publishing offers significant benefits such as wider visibility, increased citations and global academic recognition, systemic and financial obstacles also remain barriers. The paper recommends improving ICT facilities, subsidizing article processing charges, strengthening institutional repositories and organizing training to enhance sustainable open access publishing adoption among academic staff in state-owned universities.
ACADEMIC LIBRARY AND STUDENTS’ ACADEMIC ACHIEVEMENT: A CASE OF POSTGRADUATE LIBRARY AND INFORMATION SCIENCE STUDENT’S, IGNATIUS AJURU UNIVERSITY OF EDUCATION
The study investigated the connection between academic library services and the academic performance of postgraduate students in Library and Information Science at Ignatius Ajuru University of Education (IAUE). A comparative survey research design was adopted, the population of the study was 28 postgraduate students enrolled in the 2023/2024 academic session. Census sampling technique was adopted as the researcher considered the population manageable. Questionnaire was used as instrument for data collection. The Pearson Product Moment Correlation (PPMC) method was utilized to analyze the data. The findings revealed a significant positive relationship between collection development, user services, and information literacy, and the academic achievement of students. The study concluded that, staff training programs should be designed to meet specific academic support needs of students. Based on these outcomes, the study recommended that university libraries should routinely review their collections to identify and address deficiencies. Emphasis should be placed on acquiring diverse and up-to-date materials that correspond with current academic programs and student learning needs.
Copyright (c) 2026 VICTOR WAGWU PhD (CLN), DORATHY BRAIDE (CLN), TAMUNOTONYE IDONIBOYE-OBU PhD, CAROLINE A. OKORO PhD (CLN)
LIBRARY SERVICES AND USER’S SATISFACTION IN DONALD EKONG LIBRARY, UNIVERSITY OF PORT HARCOURT, RIVERS STATE.
This study investigated library services and users’ satisfaction in the Donald Ekong Library, University of Port Harcourt. The objectives were to identify the various library services rendered to users and to examine the challenges they face in utilizing these services. A descriptive survey research design was adopted, with a population of 328 undergraduate students from the Department of Library and Information Science for the 2021–2024 academic session. Using stratified random sampling, 164 respondents were selected, and data were collected through a structured questionnaire titled Library Services and Users’ Satisfaction Questionnaire (LSUSQ). Out of the 164 questionnaires distributed, 120 were duly completed and analyzed using mean and standard deviation. Findings revealed that the Donald Ekong library provides circulation services such as book borrowing, renewal, shelving, handbook lending services for effective services delivery. It also revealed that reference services are concerned with direct personal assistance to users seeking their area of interest. The study concludes that user satisfaction is a key indicator of effective library service delivery. It recommends improved funding and infrastructure development for the University of Port Harcourt for effective services delivery.
Copyright (c) 2026 Bernadette C.N. Ukaegbu, Akubudike Amarachi Emmanuel
Subjective Norms and Perceived Behavioral Control as determinant of Library Resources Use
In secondary school, school libraries continue to play a central role in knowledge acquisition, literacy development, and academic performance. The study investigated how subjective norms and perceived behavioral control influence library use among senior secondary school students in selected private schools in Ido Local Government Area, Ibadan. The research adopted a descriptive correlational survey design involving 409 students, from which 200 were selected through stratified random sampling. A structured questionnaire was used for data collection, and the results were analyzed using descriptive and inferential statistics with SPSS. A total of 200 copies of the questionnaire were administered to private secondary students in five schools in Ibadan, Oyo State. A total of 198 copies were returned and valid for analysis, giving a response rate of 99%. Findings revealed that perceived behavioral control plays a notable role in library usage, as many students reported difficulty accessing needed resources, which discouraged future use. Subjective norms were also influential: parental pressure and peer influence significantly shaped students’ decisions to visit the library. Many respondents indicated they used the library because their parents insisted, while others preferred library visits only when friends were present. Learning purposes, particularly the use of textbooks, were the primary drivers of library use. Correlation and regression analyses showed that subjective norms were the strongest predictor of library use. The study recommends creating designated library periods, improving resource availability, and conducting orientation programmes to enhance students’ reading culture and academic performance.
Copyright (c) 2026 Ifeoluwa Adenike Ayoola, Comfort Oluwapelumi AWOLUSI (CLN), Saheed Olusegun Oyewole
Awareness and Use of Chatbots by Uundergraduates in Universities in Ogun State
This study examined undergraduates’ awareness and use of chatbots in public universities in Ogun State, Nigeria, focusing on their integration into academic activities. Despite the rapid growth of these tools and their potential benefits, uncertainty remains about their adoption in Nigerian higher education. The study assessed awareness, frequency and types of chatbot use, supported academic activities, challenges, and the effect of awareness on usage. A descriptive survey design was employed, targeting 23,307 undergraduates across three universities. Using stratified random sampling, 277 respondents were selected. Data were collected through a validated questionnaire and analysed with descriptive statistics. Results showed high awareness (mean = 64.75), with ChatGPT, Meta AI, WPS AI, and Gemini AI identified as the most used platforms. Chatbots were applied to exam preparation, academic support, and research. Challenges included reliance on stable internet and limited emotional intelligence in interactions. The study concludes that chatbot use is widespread and impactful, though constrained by infrastructural and ethical concerns. It recommends embedding digital literacy programmes to foster critical, ethical engagement with AI that supports learning while preserving academic integrity.
Copyright (c) 2026 Oluwaseyi Esther AFOLABI, Opeyemi Ebenezer Afolabi